Insecurity Issues In Nigeria: An In-Depth Analysis

By Mohammed I. Tsav Esq

Introduction:

Nigeria, Africa’s most populous nation, has faced escalating violent insecurity challenges over the past few decades. From colonial mayhem, ethnic disputes and religious tensions to insurgency and banditry, the causes of insecurity in Nigeria are multifaceted. This article explores the historical context of Nigeria’s insecurity issues, examines their causes, and discusses potential solutions for restoring security.

However, it is pertinent to understand what constitutes insecurity. Insecurity can have a broader meaning beyond physical harm or violent breaches. It encompasses a range of situations where individuals, groups, societies, countries, regions, continents and indeed the world community feel vulnerable, unsafe, or uncertain about their well-being, rights, and or future. Comprehensive breakdowns of the types of insecurity that may be occasioned are: –

1. Physical Insecurity: – Threats to physical safety, e.g., violence, crime, terrorism, kidnapping.
2. Economic Insecurity: – Uncertainty about financial stability, e.g., job loss, poverty, unaffordable healthcare, education, inflation, and corruption.
3. Emotional and Psychological Insecurity: – Anxiety, stress, or fear affecting mental health, e.g., bullying, harassment, social isolation.
4. Social Insecurity: – Exclusion, marginalization, or lack of access to social services, e.g., discrimination, unequal opportunities.
5. Environmental Insecurity: – Risks to health and well-being from environmental factors, e.g., pollution, climate change, natural disasters.
6. Digital Insecurity: – Threats to online safety and data protection, e.g., cybercrime, data breaches, digital surveillance.
7. Food Insecurity: – Lack of access to nutritious food, leading to hunger or malnutrition.
8. Health Insecurity: – Limited access to healthcare, vaccines, medication, or medical services, e.g., Covid-19 restrictions and lack of appropriate medical attention.
9. Political Insecurity: – Uncertainty about government stability, rule of law, or human rights and abuse of political office.

The key aspect of insecurity can have far-reaching impacts on individuals, communities, and societies, affecting the well-being, economic development, and social cohesion of individuals and communities. There are various components of insecurity; which are as follows: –

1. Vulnerability is the state of feeling exposed or susceptible to harm or exploitation.
2. Uncertainty is the lack of confidence in the future or predictability of outcomes.
3. Lack of Control is the inability to influence or mitigate risks or threats.
4. Fear and Anxiety are the emotional responses to perceived or real threats.

When you talk about how long Nigeria has had insecurity issues, you will often hear stories dating centuries back such as tribal wars, raids for slaves, and jihads by the Sokoto Caliphate, the British colonial policing, military coups, civil war, Niger-Delta militancy sabotage campaigns, and the more recent nightmare of insurgency, banditry and kidnapping.

However, Nigeria’s security challenges didn’t appear all of a sudden; they are consequences of various layered histories, structural flaws, and evolving threats. Below is a deep‑dive into when the trouble began, what fuels it today, and how a combination of kinetic and non‑kinetic measures could steer the nation back toward safety.

Historical Context of Insecurity Issues in Nigeria

Nigeria’s security dynamics can be traced back to its pre-colonial history, characterized by complex societies, ethnic groups, slave trade, including trade routes and the struggle and partition of Africa by the colonialists. Conflicts arose primarily from inter-tribal rivalries and competition for resources especially farm lands.

The arrival of colonial powers in the 19th century further complicated these dynamics, creating artificial boundaries that unnecessarily amalgamated diverse ethnic communities. This colonial legacy sowed the seeds for future conflicts, as disrupted new power structures evolved into new traditional governance and conflict resolution mechanisms.

After gaining independence in 1960, Nigeria struggled to establish a unified national identity. Ethnic and regional divisions continued to dominate the political landscape, leading to a series of military coups and civil unrest. The most notable unrest was the Nigerian Civil War [1967-1970], also known as the Biafran War, which stemmed mainly from the military breach of democracy and their miscalculations, which later transformed into ethnic tensions and the quest for self-determination by the Igbo people. This brutal conflict claimed over a million lives and left deep scars on the national psyche. Then Nigeria started slowly and steadily being consumed by the most dangerous of all insecurities corruption monster. 

The emergence of insurgencies in the late 20th century, wherein Nigeria’s insecurity situation deteriorated further with the advent of religious extremism, particularly in the northern region. The emergence of the one preacher called Muhammadu Marwa [a.k.a., Maitatsine] and his followers [Yan Tatsine] in the 1970s, a lot of mayhem in Kano State.

The Boko Haram insurgency in 2009 marked a significant escalation of violent insecurity incidents. It was founded by Mohammed Yusuf, who was initially used as a political thug and dumped and executed by the same politicians who used him in Borno State. Boko Haram sought to establish an Islamic state governed by Sharia law. The group’s insurgency has resulted in tens of thousands of deaths, mass displacements, and the destruction of vital infrastructure.

A Brief Chronology of Nigeria’s Insecurity Evolution

In pre‑colonial and colonial roots of present day Nigeria, long before the British colonialists merged by amalgamation of the Northern Protectorate, Southern Protectorate, and the Colony of Lagos into making the country called Nigeria; in 1914, the region was a patchwork of Emirates, kingdoms, Caliphate, and stateless communities and societies.

The Sokoto Caliphate, for instance, was known for bandit raids, slave‑trading, and frontier wars that resembled today’s kidnappings and banditry. Colonial rule introduced a centralized police force that was more about maintaining order in the interest and for the benefit of the British Empire than protecting local communities, therein sowing the seeds of mistrust and mayhem. The Aba women’s riots, the Tiv Riots and others similar chaos have been so recorded in Nigeria’s history.

Early post‑independence turbulence [1960‑1999], after independence in 1960, Nigeria experienced a series of military coup-de-tats, a civil war [1967‑1970], and intermittent ethnic and regional clashes, such as Farmers/Herdsmen clashes, Ife/Modekeke clashes, Itsekiri/Irhobo clashes, O’dua People’s Congress [OPC] disturbances. The military governed for decades, and while the state could project unconstitutional force, it often did so without accountability, creating a culture of impunity that later armed groups would exploit.

The civil war left some many unaccounted arms and ammunition in the Nigerian system that the good the bad and the ugly were and are now in possession of these arms and ammunition such that the rise of armed robbery and assassinations became a disturbing insecurity issue for Nigeria from the 1970s to date. Nigeria has also had insecurity issues involving the Bakassi Boys, the Niger Delta Militant groups, and Indigenous People of Biafra [IPOB].

Looking at the Boko Haram scourge and flashpoint [2009‑present], the modern insecurity crisis can be said to have been truly ignited in July 2009 when clashes between Boko Haram religious extremists and security forces erupted in Borno, Bauchi, and other northern states of Nigeria. What began as a localized extremist movement quickly metastasized into a nationwide insurgency, spawning offshoots like the Islamic State‑West Africa Province [ISWAP]. This period marked the first time Nigeria experienced large‑scale terrorism, mass murders, kidnappings, and the displacement of millions.

In recent years [2023‑2025]; Nigeria has witnessed an escalation and dramatic surge of insecurity incidents such as mass killings, abductions, banditry, and separatist agitation in the southeast by IPOB, while the northwest grapples with organized bandit gangs that operate like quasi‑states. The EndSARS protests in Lagos, the November 2025 kidnapping of over 200 pupils from St Mary’s Catholic School in Niger State, the Killings and abductions in Kwara State, Kaduna State, Plateau state and Benue state epitomizes the scale and brutality of today’s terrorism threat and breach of Nigeria’s security landscape .

It is important to look into the various factors and causes of security breaches in Nigeria; in order to get a proper perspective of the insecurity issues affecting Nigeria. Core drivers of insecurity in Nigeria need a Multi‑Faceted Analysis. Understanding why Nigeria struggles with insecurity; requires, looking at several interlocking causes which point to a blend of historical, economic, political, and environmental factors such as: –

1. Ethnic and Religious Tensions: – Nigeria is home to over 250 ethnic nations, with the major ones including Hausa, Fulani, Yoruba, and Igbo. There are Religious divisions, predominantly between Islam and Christianity, which often, exacerbates these ethnic tensions. Conflicts over land, resources, and political power frequently have ethnic and religious underpinnings, and manipulations.

Nigeria’s multi‑ethnic and religious fabric are both strengths and also flashpoints. The elite exploitation of identity politics, coupled with perceived marginalization, fuels communal clashes that armed groups exploit for legitimacy.

2.  Economic Disparities: – Widespread poverty and unemployment in Nigeria, particularly in the northern region, which seemingly contributes significantly to the issues of insecurity. The lack of economic opportunities pushes individuals toward extremist ideologies and criminal activities.

The economic disparity between the Northern states and the Southern states further complicates national cohesion. The sudden interest of solid minerals and rare earth minerals in Nigeria has also fuelled or may be the major reason why there are mass killings and genocide in certain cases and locations in Nigeria.

The rate of poverty and unemployment in Nigeria is a fertile terrain for insecurity to thrive. With over 60 % of the population under 30 years of age and youth unemployment soaring, many see leaders of armed groups and gangs as celebrities and a means of income. Poverty amplifies grievances, making recruitment easier for bandits and extremists religious cells.

3.  Corruption and Weak Institutions: – Corruption remains an endemic and pervasive issue in Nigeria, undermining public trust in institutions, leadership and the rule of law. Misallocation of resources, nepotism, and lack of accountability hinder effective governance and nurtures insecurity. The security forces, weakened by corruption, struggle to address the rising tide of violence effectively.

Corruption siphons resources meant for security, leaving agencies under‑funded, poorly equipped, and vulnerable to patronage. The Ransom-Economy thrives because criminal groups know the state is often slow, under‑resourced, or compromised . When security funds are diverted, equipment rusts, training lags, and morale plummets.

As a result of inadequate security infrastructure, Nigeria’s security agencies have faced criticism for their inability to respond effectively to security threats. Insufficient funding, inadequate training, inappropriate use of  intelligence gathering, and lack of modern equipment hinder the capacity to tackle insurgents, bandits, and other criminal elements. The inability to provide basic security services fosters a culture of impunity.

Climate Change and Resource Competition also places its part in Nigeria’s insecurity problems. Desertification in the north and oil spills in the Niger Delta create competition over land and water, pushing herders and farmers into conflict. Climate‑induced displacement adds another layer of insecurity.

4. Porous Borders and Proliferation of Arms and Ammunition: – The easy availability of arms, ammunition and other weapons has fuelled violence in Nigeria. Conflict in neighbouring countries, such as Libya and the Central African Republic, has led to the influx of arms and ammunition into Nigeria, intensifying clashes among armed groups and communities. The Sahel’s ungoverned and unregulated territories and spaces allow for hideouts and passage of weapons to flow freely into Nigeria, arming bandits, insurgents, and separatists. Weak border controls also enable the movement of mercenaries, arms, ammunition and illicit funds.
5.  The Role of Technology: – While technology can enhance security efforts, it also poses challenges. The misuse of social media and online platforms can spread misinformation that incites violence especially by bandits and religious extremists. Additionally, the use of mobile technology by criminal organizations complicates efforts to track and apprehend criminals.
6. Government Failures and Lack of Trust: – The forgiven Boko Haram members who are then employed into the Nigerian Army, repeated government indecisiveness, inappropriate selective amnesty deals, and the perception that the state favours certain regions and tribes; erode public confidence and trust in government. When citizens do not trust the government and its institutions such as the police or the judiciary, they are less likely to cooperate, allowing criminal networks to flourish .

The significant security insurgent groups and issues affecting Nigeria that must be curbed to bring insecurity to the minimal are: –

1. Boko Haram and ISWAP: – Boko Haram, along with its offshoot, the Islamic State West Africa Province [ISWAP], continues to pose a significant threat. Their terror activities and campaigns, characterized by suicide bombings, kidnappings, and attacks on military and civilian targets, have wreaked havoc in north eastern Nigeria. The humanitarian crisis resulting from the insurgency includes millions of internally displaced persons [IDPs] struggling for basic needs.
2. Banditry and Kidnappings: – In recent years, banditry and kidnappings for ransom have surged across the north part of Nigeria, particularly in Kaduna, Zamfara, Kogi and Niger states. Armed groups exploit the absence of effective security measures, targeting schools, businesses, travellers and individuals. These acts of violence create a climate of fear and disrupt daily life.
3. Farmer-Herder Clashes: – The perennial clashes between farmers and nomadic Fulani herders, particularly in the North-Central region, have escalated in recent years. Competition for land and water resources, exacerbated by climate change and desertification, often leads to violent confrontations. These conflicts may sometimes have ethnic and religious undertones, further complicating resolutions.
4. Militant Groups in the Niger Delta: – The Niger Delta has seen its fair share of violence, primarily due to the activities of militant groups protesting against oil companies and government neglect. Whilst the incidents of violence have decreased since the amnesty program in 2009, issues related to environmental degradation and resource control still persists.
5. Negotiating and Compensating Criminality: – It rather ill-advice to negotiate and compensate criminals instead of prosecuting and sending them to prisons our correctional centres. It sends out wrong signals to our youth that crime pays and is rewarded by our government.

Those encouraging this type of approach in dealing with heinous criminals should be made to snap out of this negative direction in the administration of justice.

6. The illegal arms and ammunition trade significantly enhances the capabilities of insurgents and criminal groups, particularly in conflict-prone regions like Nigeria. These are some detailed impacts of this trade:
7. Increased Firepower: – Insurgents gain access to a wider array of weapons, including automatic rifles, grenades, and even heavier weaponry such as machine guns and explosives. This increased firepower allows them to engage security forces more effectively and carry out more sophisticated attacks.
8. Sustained Operational Capacity: – With a steady supply of arms, insurgent groups can sustain their operations over longer periods. This ability to maintain a consistent flow of weapons supports ongoing conflicts, prolonging violence and instability. Groups like Boko Haram and ISWAP can continue their insurgencies without the worrying about immediate shortages of armaments.

iii. Enhanced Recruitment and Morale: – Access to illegal arms can serve as a recruitment tool for insurgent groups. The perception of strength due to the availability of weapons can attract new members who seek to join a powerful and well-armed faction. Moreover, the possession of sophisticated weapons can boost the morale of existing fighters.

1. Intimidation of Local Populations: – Insurgents equipped with illegal arms can intimidate local communities, enforcing compliance through fear. This form of coercion helps maintain control over territories, making it difficult for civilians to resist or report insurgent activities to the authorities.
2. Undermining Security Forces: – The illegal arms trade contributes to a significant power imbalance between insurgent groups and traditional security forces. As insurgents become better equipped, the ability of security forces to effectively combat them diminishes. This dynamic has led to increased casualties among security personnel and a loss of territory that creates a cycle of insecurity.
3. Cross-Border Operations: –  The flow of illegal arms often transcends national borders, enabling insurgents to carry out operations in neighbouring regions. This cross-border capability can complicate counter-insurgency efforts, as tracking and intercepting these arms becomes increasingly difficult for security forces.

vii. Proliferation of Small Arms: – The arms trade primarily deals in small arms, making them easily concealable and transportable. The proliferation of such weapons fuels conflicts not just among insurgents but also leads to gang violence and other forms of criminal activity, creating a broader environment of insecurity.

viii. Funding of Insurgency Activities: – Profits from the illegal arms trade can be reinvested into insurgent operations, funding further activities such as improved training, recruitment, and logistical support. This vicious cycle of funding and reinvestment allows insurgent groups to become more resilient and adaptive.

1. Escalation of Violence: – As insurgents become better armed, they may escalate their tactics to include more aggressive assaults, suicide bombings, or guerrilla warfare. This increase in violent tactics raises the stakes for communities and complicates the situation for security forces tasked with maintaining order.

The Human Costs and the stories behind the Statistical numbers alone cannot convey the trauma inflicted on ordinary Nigerians. In Papiri, Niger State, parents still weep for the 215 children taken from St Mary’s school . In Kebbi, the abduction of 25 schoolgirls left a community in mourning . In the southeast, families of separatist activists live under constant threat of extrajudicial raids. These lived experiences underscore why security is not just a policy issue but a daily reality that shapes lives, livelihoods, education, and mental health.

In order to restoring Security in Nigeria, the government of Nigeria, this includes the President, The National Assembly, the Law enforcement Institutions and the Judiciary must all be hands on deck with the will power and commitment to deal with the issue of insecurity breaches in Nigeria.

The Government in taking steps to restore lasting security; will require a synchronized approach that blends immediate kinetic actions with long‑term structural reforms as follows: –

1. Governments and Corruption: – To restore security in Nigeria, Nigeria must address systemic corruption and strengthen governance. Transparency and accountability mechanisms should be implemented to ensure that resources allocated for security are used purposefully and effectively.

The empowerment of local governments can enhance community policing and foster trust. The issue of accountability cannot be underestimated. There must be Independent oversight bodies to monitor government and its institutions. And the swift prosecution of misconduct are essential to rebuild public trust.

The government should embark community engagement for foster an inclusive policymaking approach ensuring that marginalized regions have a voice in national security decisions fosters a sense of ownership. Adopt a systematic dialogue approach with Non‑State Actors, whilst controversial, conditional talks with repentant insurgents can yield intelligence and reduce violence, provided they respect human rights.

Corruption significantly undermines security forces in Nigeria, leading to ineffective responses to crime and insecurity. Here are some specific examples:

1. Budget Misappropriation: – Security agencies often have budgets that are substantial but are frequently misappropriated. Funds designated for equipment, training, and personnel salaries may not reach their intended targets due to corruption within the ranks or among political leaders. This results in under-resourced police and military units.
2. Ghost Workers: The presence of ghost workers on the payroll of security services is a prevalent issue. These are non-existent personnel who are paid salaries, and the funds generated from these fake employees are often pocketed by corrupt officials. This weakens the overall capacity of security forces.

iii.    Bribery and Extortion: – Corruption manifests at various levels, including bribery and extortion by law enforcement officers. Citizens are often required to pay bribes for basic services or to avoid harassment. This erodes public trust in the police and discourages communities from cooperating with law enforcement.

1. Collusion with Criminal Groups: – In some cases, security personnel have been found colluding with criminal organizations, including Boko Haram and militant groups in the Niger Delta. Reports indicate that some members of the security services provide protection to these groups in exchange for financial incentives, significantly hampering efforts to combat violence.
2. Inadequate Response to Insecurity: – Corruption can lead to a lack of urgency in responding to security threats. For instance, during the Boko Haram insurgency, numerous accounts documented how security forces failed to respond promptly to alerts or were absent during attacks due to bribery or lack of motivation caused by corruption.
3. Illegal Arms Trade: – Instances have been reported where military personnel are involved in the illegal arms trade, supplying weapons to criminal networks or insurgents. This not only enhances the capabilities of these groups but also jeopardizes national security.

vii.              Poor Military Procurement Practices: – Corruption in military procurement processes means that substandard equipment and materials are purchased at inflated prices, leaving soldiers ill-equipped for their missions. An example includes the purchase of military hardware that does not meet operational standards.

viii.             Failure to Prosecute Corrupt Officials: – The lack of accountability for corrupt officials within security services further perpetuates the cycle of corruption. High-ranking officers often escape prosecution, leading to a culture of impunity that harms the morale of honest personnel and reinforces public skepticism.

These examples illustrate how corruption not only weakens the effectiveness of security forces but also contributes to a broader environment of insecurity in Nigeria. Addressing corruption within the security sector is crucial to restoring public trust and ensuring effective responses to security threats.

2. Economic Development and Social Interventions: – Creating economic opportunities, particularly in regions affected by insecurity, is crucial. Investment in infrastructure, vocational training, and entrepreneurship can alleviate poverty and provide alternatives to criminal activities enticement. Engaging youth in productive activities can reduce susceptibility to extremist ideologies.

The implementation of large‑scale youth employment programs, vocational training, and agricultural initiatives will reduce the pool of potential recruits. Education is absolutely important, investing in schools, especially in the north, should counters the narrative that western education is forbidden and keeps children out of the hands of militants.

3. Enhanced Security Integration: – Investing in security forces and institutions through expansion, training, equipment, and resource allocation is vital. A well-equipped and trained military and police force can effectively combat insurgency and other criminal activities. Community-oriented policing strategies can foster cooperation between security agencies and local communities.

The professionalization of Security Sector Reform must be paramount. Anything short of that is not acceptable. Regular training on the rule of law, human rights, modern weapon handling, and intelligence gathering will improve effectiveness while reducing abuses . Intelligence‑Led Operations by the Integrated Security Agencies with a centralized intelligence framework that shares data across the Police, Military, Department of State Security Services and Civil Defence can pre‑empt attacks.

4. Civil Society and Community Engagement: – Civil society organizations play a crucial role in educating and enlightening the polity, promoting peace and security. Engaging communities in dialogue, conflict resolution, and peacebuilding initiatives can foster understanding and collaboration among different ethnic and religious groups. Grassroots movements can help mitigate tensions and build trust. The Community Involvement of local vigilantes, when properly trained and overseen, can provide early warning.

5. Regional and International Cooperation: – In a globalized world, national security is interconnected with regional and international stability. Nigeria should strengthen cooperation with its neighbours to tackle cross-border crimes, arms proliferation, and human trafficking. Collaborative efforts with international organizations and countries will provide additional resources and expertise from international perspectives and lessons learnt from other countries.

The illegal arms trade empowers insurgent groups, destabilizes communities, and presents significant challenges to national security. Addressing this issue requires coordinated efforts among governments, law enforcement, and international organizations to clamp down on illegal arms trafficking and strengthen security protocols.

Nigeria’s security crisis has attracted attention from the African Union, ECOWAS, the United Nations, and Western partners. Countries that have faced similar challenges, such as Afghanistan, Somalia, and the Sahel nations, show that without tackling corruption and building legitimate institutions, military solutions alone falter. Conversely, Rwanda’s post‑genocide reconciliation and South Korea’s post‑war development illustrate how strong leadership, combined with inclusive growth, can transform insecurity into stability.

6. Leveraging on Technology: – The use of technology for intelligence gathering, surveillance, and data analysis will enhance security efforts. Social media monitoring can help identify potential threats and misinformation campaigns. Collaboration with tech companies can facilitate the development of solutions tailored to Nigeria’s security challenges. Technology Deployment such as the use of Drones, CCTV, and real‑time mapping of forest corridors help track bandits hideouts and movements.

7. Addressing Climate Change: – The long-term solutions to insecurity must incorporate strategies to address climate change and its impact on the availability of resources. Sustainable agricultural practices, water management, and community resilience initiatives can mitigate conflicts arising from competition for resources.

8. Border Management: – In order to manage our borders effectively and securely Nigeria must be fenced with a concrete wall all around the country so that every person coming in and going out of Nigeria is documented, identified, and with references as the case may warrant. Other countries have done it, even in Nigeria in the days of the Emirates and the Benin Kingdom. South Africa.

It is not impossible not with the gross misappropriation and conversion monumental amounts of government funds by politicians and civil servants. The enhanced patrols of our borders, increased staffing, better equipment, and regional cooperation [e.g., with Benin, Mali, Niger, Chad, and Cameroon] can curb arms smuggling.

9. Justice and Reconciliation: – Transitional Justice in the form of Truth commissions and reparations for victims of insurgency and banditry can address grievances and prevent cycles of revenge and malice. Undertaking an Anti‑Corruption Drive targeting the financial networks that fund armed groups disrupts their profit motive.

The cases of the repentant Boko Haram members should be re-visited and the cases against soldiers involved in and the financiers of terrorism are re-opened and thoroughly investigated and let the law take its course.

These above scenarios illustrate how corruption not only weakens the effectiveness of security forces but also contributes to a broader environment of insecurity in Nigeria. Addressing corruption within the security sector is crucial to restoring public trust and ensuring effective responses to and curbing security threats.

The Human Costs and the stories behind the Statistical numbers alone cannot convey the trauma inflicted on ordinary Nigerians. In Papiri, Niger State, parents still weep for the 215 children taken from St Mary’s school . In Kebbi, the abduction of 25 schoolgirls left a community in mourning . In the southeast, families of separatist activists live under constant threat of extrajudicial raids. These lived experiences underscore why security is not just a policy issue but a daily reality that shapes livelihoods, education, and mental health.

Conclusion 

Nigeria’s security challenges are complex and multifaceted, rooted in historical, social, economic, environmental, and political factors. A comprehensive approach that addresses the underlying causes of insecurity by providing good governance, curbing the corruption monster, promoting economic opportunities, providing enhanced education, and fostering community engagement is essential. By taking these steps, Nigeria can work towards restoring security and building a safer, more stable nation for all its citizens.

These security issues are deep‑rooted, but they are not immutable. The country’s vast human capital, rich cultural diversity, and entrepreneurial spirit provide a strong foundation for change. By confronting corruption, strengthening institutions, addressing the economic aspirations of its youth, and fostering inclusive good governance, Nigeria can shift from an insecurity crisis to a security success story.

The road ahead will demand political will, community participation, and sustained investment. Nigerians have shown whether rebuilding a school after a raid or organizing neighbourhood watch-groups, the resilience of the people can outshine the darkness of violence. With the right mix of immediate action and long‑term vision, a safer, more prosperous Nigeria is within reach.

The truth is, if the Government does not get policing right in Nigeria then the government is really not ready to secure the lives and properties of Nigerians and indeed Nigeria. If the government gets policing right then the issue of corruption will be adequately addressed. The police have got the key to secure lives and property under the 1999 Constitution, also to detect and prevent crime under the Police Act. 

GOD Bless The Federal Republic Of Nigeria.

 

By Mohammed I. TSAV Esq.

December 2025.